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"Volga" GAZ-21 Second series ("Волга" ГАЗ-21, II серия)

 

Gaz21 1

 

 Manufacturer  GAZ (Gorky Automobile Plant)
 Model name

"Volga" GAZ-21 Second series ("Волга" ГАЗ-21, II серия)

 Years of production 1959 - 1962
 Body style 4 door sedan, 6 passenger
 Body style

4 × 2, rear-wheel drive

 Engine

 ZMZ-21/21A, 4 cyl. 2.45 L. 70/75 hp.

ZMZ-21E/21D, 4 cyl. 2.45 L. 75/80 hp. (export).

 Transmission 3-speed manual
 Max speed  130 km/h.
 Fuel tank capacity  60 L
 Fuel consumption  13 L / 100 km.
 Dimensions 4770x1800x1620 mm.
 Cargo capacity 500 kg.
 Curb weight 1460 kg.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 The GAZ M21 Volga is an automobile which was produced in the Soviet Union by GAZ ("Gorkovsky Avtomobilniy Zavod", in English : "Gorky automobile factory") from 1956 to 1970. The first car to carry the Volga name, it was developed in the early 1950s. Volgas were built with high ground clearance (which gives it a specific "high" look, contrary to "low-long-sleek" look of Western cars of similar design), rugged suspension, strong and forgiving engine, and rustproofing on a scale unheard of in the 1950s.

Gaz21 1a

The Volga was stylistically in line with the major American manufacturers of the period in which it was introduced, and incorporated such then-luxury features as the reclining front seat, cigarette lighter, heater, windshield washer and 3-wave radio.

When in 1959 the 6-cylinder line of GAZ cars was discontinued, Volga M-21 became the biggest and most luxurious car officially sold to individual owners in the USSR in large quantities, though its price was very high and made it unavailable for most car buyers. 639,478 cars were produced in total.

Gaz21 1b

The Volga made its public debut in 1955, with a three cars on a demonstration drive from Moscow to the Crimea, two automatic models and a manual. It was, however, still far from production-ready; in the first year, 1956, only five cars were assembled, the first on 10 October 1956. Full-scale production began in 1957, with a list price of 5,400 rubles. The new 1957 production cars, known as Series Ones, had a brand-new 2,445 cc (149.2 cu in) OHV engine, the first model produced by Zavolzhskiy Motorniy Zavod (Zavolzhye Engine Factory, ZMZ). Unusual for the era, it had aluminum block and head, with gear-driven camshaft and compression ratio of 6.6:1; it produced 70 hp (52 kW; 71 PS) at 4,000 rpm and 123 lb⋅ft (167 N⋅m) at 2,200 rpm.

The automatic transmission model would soon be discontinued, with only 700 built; it was widely criticized, it was too difficult for Soviet drivers to maintain, there were few service stations to do the work and few private mechanics qualified, and there was a shortage of transmission oil. From 1958, a three-speed manual, with synchromesh on the top two gears, was the only transmission available; this would be the M21V, while the taxi became the M21A. (The automatic would be used in the low-production GAZ-13 Chaika, which would also be maintained by professionals.) Standard equipment on all models included spare parts and two tool kits, with spanners, wrenches, screwdrivers, a tire pump, and a cans of paint to fix minor dings.

Three series GAZ-21 were released, most easily distinguished by the grille. The First Series (1956–58), known as the Star, featured a lattice of three large horizontal bars in the centre of which was a medallion with a star. Vehicles of the Second Series (1958-1962), known as the Shark, featured a grille with 16 vertical slits. Finally, the Third Series (1962-1970), known as the Baleen, featured a grille with 34 thin vertical rods.

Gaz21 2

Second Series Volgas were introduced in 1959, with a new grille painted the body color or in chrome. Halfway through the 1959 production run (model year 1959½), a vinyl cover was added to the dash. Added were windscreen washers and tubeless tires. Just Before the series concluded, telescopic shocks replaced the lever type. The 1961 Volgas were priced at 5,100 rubles.

Gaz21 3

Variants of the Series Two included the M21I and M21A taxi with the 70 hp (52 kW; 71 PS) inline four, and the M21K and right-hand drive M21H (for export) with the 80 hp (60 kW; 81 PS) engine.

Gaz21 4

The Volga was shown at the 1958 Brussels World's Fair and together with the GAZ-52 and the GAZ-13 Chaika won the award; the same year production for export began. The Second Series Volgas became known for having no frills but outstanding durability. helped by the 23 cm (9.1 in) ground clearance. In 1959, a Volga took a class win at the Thousand Lakes Rally in Finland, and third at the Acropolis Rally. That year, the central lubrication system was deleted, in favour of a more traditional local grease-application nipple.

Gaz21 5

In early 1962, a small number of cars were built that combined features of the Second and Third Series.

(From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia)

 

 

 

© Tbilisi Automuseum. 2019

 

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